The Mozambique Channel is an arm of the Indian Ocean that separates Madagascar from the southeast coast of Mozambique.
Stretching approximately 1,700 kilometres from north to south, the channel narrows to 419 kilometres at its tightest point and plunges to depths of 3,292 metres roughly 230 kilometres off the Mozambican coast. The Mozambique Current — a warm southward flow — courses through the channel before merging with the powerful Agulhas Current that sweeps down Africa’s eastern seaboard. This biogeographic corridor shapes regional climate, supports migrations of marine megafauna including humpback whales and whale sharks, and hosts rich fisheries upon which coastal communities depend. The interplay of currents, upwellings and the channel’s island archipelagos sustains exceptional marine biodiversity, though overfishing and warming waters now challenge ecological resilience.
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