**Concept of Naturism**:
– Definition as a lifestyle in harmony with nature
– Advocacy for social nudity not linked with sexual activity
– Different definitions geographically and historically
– Distinction between naturism and nudism in the UK
– Usage of terms textile and textilist in naturist parlance
**Naturist Facilities and Events**:
– Clothing optional at naturist-organized events
– Controversy around complete nudity at naturist facilities
– Classification of naturist facilities like landed and non-landed clubs
– International representation by landed clubs
– Holiday centers catering to non-member visitors
**Geographical Perspectives on Naturism**:
– Specific practices and history in European countries like Belgium, Croatia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, Poland, Spain, and the United Kingdom
– Notable figures, organizations, and developments in each country related to naturism
**Naturist Practices and Culture**:
– Health benefits of naturist activities
– Influence on art and literature movements
– Religious perspectives on naturism, including Christian naturism
– Festival naturism and communal nudity at events
– Seasonal naturism and the historical context of nudity in various cultures
**Legal and Organizational Aspects of Naturism**:
– Establishment and activities of naturist federations like the New Zealand Naturism Federation
– Social nudity in New Zealand culture and legal aspects related to nudity
– History and development of naturism in Canada, including the Canadian Sunbathing Association
– Evolution of laws and regulations regarding nudity in different countries
– Impacts of immigration on the expansion of nudism in Canada
Naturism is a lifestyle of practicing non-sexual social nudity in private and in public; the word also refers to the cultural movement which advocates and defends that lifestyle. Both may alternatively be called nudism. Though the two terms are broadly interchangeable, nudism emphasizes the practice of nudity, whilst naturism highlights an attitude favoring harmony with nature and respect for the environment, into which that practice is integrated. That said, naturists come from a range of philosophical and cultural backgrounds; there is no single naturist ideology.
Ethical or philosophical nudism has a long history, with many advocates of the benefits of enjoying nature without clothing. At the turn of the 20th century, organizations emerged to promote social nudity and to establish private campgrounds and resorts for that purpose. Since the 1960s, with the acceptance of public places for clothing-optional recreation, individuals who do not identify themselves as naturists or nudists have been able to casually participate in nude activities. Nude recreation opportunities vary widely around the world, from isolated places known mainly to locals through officially designated nude beaches and parks, and on to public spaces and buildings in some jurisdictions.